Shoulder labral issues are conditions and injuries—particularly tears—affecting the labrum, which is a cupped layer of cartilage located at the end of the arm bone that attaches to the shoulder. This cartilage helps stabilize the shoulder and preserve its extensive range of motion.
Made up of several different joints, tendons, and muscles, the shoulder is one of the most mobile structures in the human body. That mobility, however, can lead to several pain-inducing issues with instability or impingement of the tissues and bony structures of the shoulder.
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction occurs when the cartilage in the sacroiliac joints—which connect the lower spine to the pelvis—becomes damaged or worn, causing the bones to grind and thus producing degenerative arthritis. This can lead to pain, inflammation, and impaired mobility.
Snapping hip syndrome occurs when there is a snapping or popping feeling in the hip joint when lifting, lowering, or swinging the leg. This sensation happens as a muscle, tendon, or ligament moves over the bony prominence of the hip.
Snapping scapula syndrome is a condition affecting the scapulothoracic joint, which is the point at which the shoulder blade glides along the chest wall, or thorax. It occurs when the scapula grates, grinds, or pops on the back of the ribs or thoracic spine.
Spina bifida is a birth defect that occurs when a baby’s spinal vertebrae fail to properly form around the spinal cord. The severity of this condition may range from mild to severe, with the mild form being the most common.
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one of the spinal bones—called vertebrae—slides onto the vertebra below it. If the bone slides too much, it can put pressure on the nerves in the spine, thus causing pain. This condition typically affects the vertebrae of the lower back.
A soft tissue injury involves damage to any of the body’s muscles, ligaments, or tendons. Such injuries often result from sprains, strains, or contusions. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and bruising. These may occur following a single traumatic episode or may develop gradually as a result of overuse.
Speech disorders are communication issues and impediments that lead to disruption of normal speech. These disruptions include stuttering and lisps. People who are unable to speak at all as the result of a speech disorder are referred to as mute.
Spinal cord injury is a blanket term for any injury to the spinal cord that results from trauma rather than disease. Symptoms of such injuries can range from pain and incontinence to paralysis. There are two broad categories of spinal cord injury: incomplete and complete.